8 Tips to Survive Your Husbands Retirement

8 Tips to Survive Your Husband's Retirement January 20, 2020 Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/Creative RF/Getty More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse Are you petrified of your partner’s retirement? Do you worry that he is going to cling to you day in and day out not knowing what to do with himself? Do you think he may become sullen or full of angst with all this new-found time and freedom? Retirement will be difficult for men and their spouses who have not quite prepared for the transition. In general, men have defined themselves by their career with other roles, such as a father or husband, secondary. On the other hand, women have maintained a myriad of roles, regardless of their work outside the home, and are commonly more social than men. So, it’s not a surprise that retirement can make men feel lost, lonely, more dependent on their spouse. This, in turn, can lead to a new kind of marital stress.?? Tips for Surviving Your Husbands Retirement Remember, retirement is tough. Retirement offers a whole new way of life, but, it does take planning, courage,  and determination to create a fulfilling retirement and marriage.Dream your wildest dreams and plan in advance. For years, you have heard about the importance of establishing a retirement financial plan. Couples who spend a good amount of time planning how they want to spend their retirement may find that this contributes to more to their happiness than their financial plan did. Acknowledging your dreams is an important aspect of this aspect of planning.?? Even if some of those dreams are too expensive or difficult to pursue, they still produce an opportunity for creative planning. Couples often find that these pursuits are accessible, sometimes in a less costly or ambitious mode, and fulfilling nonetheless.Identify what you enjoy doing together. Some couples think they have too much togetherness now that they are retired. Sharing meaningful activities that you both enjoy r educes that tension and increases your pleasure in spending time together. Think about any new activities you wish to try on your own or with others.Create individual space in your home for each partner and allow time to pursue personal interests. We all need space and time to be alone or to pursue our own particular interests. Having even a small area that the other person respects as their partner’s special place as well as guilt-free time to partake in these individual interests reduces tension in the relationship.Hold courageous conversations where partners feel comfortable identifying their unique interests and concerns about this new life stage. Partners who do not share their hopes or fears for this new life stage often have difficulty understanding the others’ actions or attitudes. For instance, a husband whose life had been wrapped around his work or forced into early retirement may be angry that he is not working.  Unless he helps his wife understand these feelings, sh e is likely to resent the angry behavior he may demonstrate. Communication has always been important throughout your marriage and it is even more so now.??Do not say “never” or “you always.” If or when an argument surfaces, the accused partner hears only the accusation of blame or guilt and not the underlying reasons why the partner is upset. It is far more effective to tell your partner why a particular action is a problem rather than making an accusation. For instance, he probably did take the garbage out in the past week or two. Hearing you never take out the garbage will most likely only produce defensiveness.Take the time to listen to what your spouse is really saying. Too often, especially when there is tension, we tend to think we heard what the other said. Alternatively, we don’t listen at all. Stable relationships take a lot of empathy, and that is achieved when we feel the other’s pain, concerns, or desires. If you have gotten this far in your marriage, you mos t likely value each other’s perspectives. Don’t forget this once your spouse is retired.Find reasons to be kind to one another. Kindness is contagious. It’s harder to remain angry when another person is nice to you, and kindness helps deepen the bond as couples grow in their love and appreciation for one another. Let compliments and “thank yous flow from your lips often. Retirement does not have to mean doom for your marriage. It does mean a significant transition. With transitions comes to stress and changes. There are ways to make this as smooth as possible so that you both get your well-deserved enjoyment out of this phase in your life and marriage.

Imagine Being One Of Two Hundred People Being Accused Of

Imagine being one of two hundred people being accused of witch craft or practicing the beliefs of the devil. And imagine all of this being just because of tantrums or outburst that these days can be associated with mental disorders such as tercets syndrome or some other kind of behavioral problems. Well two hundred people will be accused of being devil worshipers or witches because of these mentioned behaviors. These trials were conducted back in the 1600’s and medical or behavioral diagnose weren’t advanced as they are now. Imagine being one of these two hundred that were executed because of these beliefs. Well this actually happened in what was known as the Salem Witch trials which occurred in colonial Massachusetts. Throughout this†¦show more content†¦A month later another little girl by the name of Ann Punam would experience this same type of behavior. In 1692 Samuel Parris Had a slave by the name Tituba, Tituba became popular with the teenage girls of Salem and they would gather with her in the kitchen while she was conducting her duties such as making meals. Since Tituba was a slave not much was known about her or her life until the Salem Witch Trials. Tituba was believed to have been a Slave from South America and came from the islands of Barbados. Tituba was believed to have been married to a John Indian a Native American. Titubas first believed victims of witchcraft were believed to have been the two young girls mentioned earlier Elizabeth Parris and Abigail Williams. Tituba would often tell these two young girls tales of witchcraft. Tituba would later be the first one in Salem to confess to practicing witchcraft. Thomas Parris the father of Elizabeth Parris would Lara 3 have said to beaten Tituba in order to gain a confession from her in the practicing of witchcraft. I was said that Tituba was making witch cake and would let Thomas’s daughter Elizabeth partake in the making of this â€Å"witch cake†. Tituba would say that Elizabeth was not a witch had participated in her witchy activities. During the Salem witch trials Tituba would also accuse others of participating in witchcraft. She would talk about various things such as black dogs and riding around on a broom stick to variousShow MoreRelatedSalem vs McCarthyism Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesImagine you are called in by an official of your government. He sits you down in a chair and informs you that you have been accused of something terrible, something that everyone in your city fears. You defend yourself and tell him that you had nothing to do with this crime. The official says he believes you, but in order to let you leave, you have to give him the name of someone you know w ho has committed this crime. You know of no one who would commit such a heinous crime, but the official refusesRead MoreThe, The Salem Witch Trial Essay1020 Words   |  5 PagesImagine being in a time where one is accused of being a witch because one is out spoken and did not follow societal rules. More overly, because of one’s disbeliefs on a dogmatic religion. A famous trial called, â€Å"The Salem Witch Trial,† occurred in early 1690’s when English Colonies began to settle on the eastern region of the United States (Duboi and Dumenil 2016, 47). These settlers were called the Puritans, dissenters from the Church of England (Duboi and Dumenil 2016, 59). They believed that theRead MoreImportance of Not Being Late Essay1529 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of not being late. 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The Parris family also had two other childrenRead MoreIdeal Society Vs Utopia1105 Words   |  5 PagesImagine living in a society where after one or two slip-ups one is bound up in unpaid labor for the government for the rest of their life. This is how crime is handled in Thomas More’s ‘ideal’ society, Utopia. Contrary to the United States Constitution, Utopia uses slavery as a punishment for almost every illegality. The United States, on the other hand, handles it much more reasonably. From small misdemeanors to violent felonies, the US has a large variety of punishments to fit the crime committedRead MoreEssay on Justice: Who Knew It Could Be So Complicated1069 Words   |  5 Pagesand the Declaration of Independence. Everyone wants to be treated justly whether its in the courtroom or the local bar. Most people would feel confident giving a definition for justice, but would it be a definition we could univers ally agree to? 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The 2016 Olympic games saw around 11,200 athletes, 366 of which were Team GB, battle their way to the reach the top of the podium in individual and team eventsRead MoreInhumane Treatment in Night971 Words   |  4 Pagesthe total Jewish population of over thirty-three hundred thousand suddenly plummeted to three hundred thousand. Ten percent of the population survived the Holocaust in Poland. Almost every country that the Nazis have conquered has the same percent of survival as Poland. In Elie Wiesel Wiesel’s memoir Night, the activities in the concentration camps, the suffering of Jews, and the disbelief of the inhumane actions of the Nazis result in making people resist the truth. Activities in the concentration

The Genetically Engineered Foods Genetically Modified Foods

The Genetically Engineered Foods Introduction Genetic modification is a special gene technology that alters the genetic machinery of living organisms such as animals, plants, bacteria or other microorganisms. Foreign genes (genes from other organisms) combined and inserted into the original genetic codes are known as recombinant DNA technology and the resulting food is called genetically engineered food, genetically modified (GM) food or transgenic food. Human beings have bred plants and animals for thousands of years to produce the desired traits. It is an extremely protracted process depended on nature to produce the desired gene. Bioengineers then speed this process up by moving desired genes from one organism to another to make the†¦show more content†¦As of mid-1996, a total of 35 approvals had been granted to commercially grow 8 transgenic crops and one flower crop of carnation with 8 different traits in 6 countries plus the European Union (EU) [5]. In 2000, Vitamin A enriched golden rice was developed [6]. Curr ently, there are a number of food species available in the market in which a genetically modified version exists, such as cotton, soybean, canola, potatoes, eggplant, strawberries, corn, tomatoes, lettuce, cantaloupe, carrots. Some of the genetically engineered products are currently in the pipeline including medicines and vaccines, and feeds and fibers. Potential benefits Genetic engineering methods have been developed for over 30 years and have become commercially available and widely adopted since then. Genetically engineered foods have many potential advantages for improvement of agronomic, technological and utilitarian traits. Increased profits and environmental benefits Economic value of genetically engineered food to farmers in terms of raising agricultural productivity and reducing environmentally harmful risk is one of its major benefits [7]. For example, genetically engineered crops have improved traits of herbicide and pesticide tolerance, as well as insect, viruses and fungi resistance [8].

Diversion Essay for Possession of Alcohol Free Essays

How a Criminal Recacord Affects Ones Future A criminal record at any age could severely affect one’s life and future. For example one can lose their job and any opportunities that may present themselves. A criminal offense depending on how serious the charge is they may lose their right to vote for good. We will write a custom essay sample on Diversion Essay for Possession of Alcohol or any similar topic only for you Order Now If the offender is a minor any opportunities for future education and scholarships are virtually out the window. I understand that what I did could determine the quality of the rest of my life. It could affect my family that I could possibly start in the future; it could destroy my reputation and the trust of my parents. Teenagers can easily fall in with the wrong crowd which is usually why they will start behaving irrationally. The peer pressure and influence of ones self-esteem issues can get one involved with things that one would not usually consider doing ever. As a senior in high school one may think that he or she can party, drink under the age of 21, and other substances because it is their last year before college and they can smell the freedom. What they are not aware of, like me, that no matter what time in their academic career he or she can get into serious trouble. Getting caught as a minor while applying for college, scholarships, grants, athletic commitments, or military service. Can jeopardize the bright future that they have just a few short months away. At any time a college, job, or scholarship can be revoked. I was stupid and sophomoric to think that I was immune to any of the consequences involved with illegal activities at my age. Also everything I had going for me was put in danger. If there was anything I could say to advise one of my peers that believed he or she could party and drink alcohol under the age would be that it’s not worth it. And that he or she should would be remise if they did not just wait till they were 21. Even if they made it to college, heading down this path becomes increasingly risky because they are now a legal adult and subject to more serious punishment. A criminal record should best be avoided at any cost, even if it means that you sacrifice all the supposedly â€Å"good times† that other possible offenders believe that they are having. It just not worth the risk. Your whole life is ahead of you; why not wait until you are of legal age. How to cite Diversion Essay for Possession of Alcohol, Essay examples

Business Ethics and Sustainability Employee

Question: Discuss about the Business Ethics and Sustainability Employee. Answer: Introduction: In the present contemporary professional world it is estimated that an employee spend more than 75% of their time in building interpersonal relations in workplaces, so it can be understood why most of the organizational problems have the root in poor communication skills. The need for employees with effective communication skills is growing in business world simply because it is necessary for building rapport both at the interpersonal and organizational levels. An individual success in professional world truly based on ones ability to communicate well. Communication is an important process as it allows us to share our interest and take important decisions in our personal as well as in professional career. The purpose of this essay is to engage in reflective practice, using 5 diagnostic communication tools and their feedback, so that I can identify two key areas of personal capability which can be improved to increase my communication effectiveness. Lastly, I have sketched a six month action with timeline and success measure included. Diagnosis and Reflection: Every individual has different communication style and most of the time the person is unaware about the strength and weakness in his communication style. According to famous business expert and author Mark Murphy, there are four basic communication style and they are Analytical, Intuitive, Functional and Personal. The tools that I have used in this study to access my communication style are Johari Window, Communications StyleQuestionnaire, Assertiveness Questionnaires, Interpersonal Communication Skill Test and Listening Skills Test. The basic purpose of Johari window tool is for self-awareness and personal development for improve understanding between individuals (Saxena, 2015). In Johari Window, it was found according to the test that it is evident that I am aware that I have a bold and energetic personality and adaptive in situations. Also, I am logical and spontaneous. But I also get self conscious at times. Whereas according to my friends, I am a friendly and approachable person who they can trust and can depend upon but get nervous and tensed when I am in pressure. This tool has helped me to recognize what my view about self and what is the social image I have in friends and acquaintances (Lowy Hood 2011). Undergoing the test has resulted in better understanding in self awareness. The Communication Style Self Assessment test was conducted to strengthen my communication skills and develop my ability to connect with different people with different communication style. According to the test result, I have a balanced score in Communication Style Self Assessment. That means I have no problem in expressing myself most of the time but according to situational needs I tend to obviously and honestly convey my needs, requirements and opinions in a way which is thoughtful of others. The Assertive Test results shows that I am a typical self-assured individual, who reasonably let other individual, know my disagreement with them, especially when I feel I am being poorly treated. This trait shows that I have self respect and want others to treat me in that way. As we live in an environment where most of the times people have different communication style and poor communication leads to misunderstanding and chaos. So, the communication diagnostic tools assisted in swift understanding these differences and grow simple strategies to become an effective and efficient communicator. These self assessments will facilitate to understand what really is going on when we experience miscommunication at personal as well as professional life. In this test, I found that I have a clear voice when putting an opinion and people mostly get what I try to convey. I have also empathy towards others which helps others in trusting me. But according to this test I have to improve my listening skills. This will help me to become more efficient in my communication skills. By this way when I am outlining the impact of their behaviour on others, I am giving them the probability to reflect on their actions and judge on what needs to be improved. This process also facili tates to avoid making assumptions which can create confusion and chaos and harm interpersonal relations in workplace (Griffin, 2013). Last by not the list, I took the Listening skills test. According to the result of this test, I found that I do moderately in the listening part. It is a well known fact that in effective communication listening is a significant part as it reduces miscommunication, better interaction between the speaker and the receiver, better interpretation of the message and greater productivity with lesser mistakes (Boud, 2013). This test identified that I have patience but sometimes when the situation becomes tense, I tend to lose control and become impatient which is a huge drawback in effective communication. An active listener is always able to communicate well with others. According to the above communication diagnostic tools analysis, it is evident that I am a Assertive Communicator. An assertive communicator has generally high self esteem and values their time and self (Bishop, 2013). They also strongly promoter for their rights and requirements without disrespectful towards others or others rights. I work as a mechanical engineer in a two wheeler automobile organization. Lately in the past one year, I had two professional interactions and drawing reference from there I have identified some of the shortcomings in my communication style. Recently, I had an interaction with my superior regarding work progress and promotion. Also, I had an appointment with the distributors regarding market trends, client feedbacks and what aspects we need to improve in our two wheeler automobile so that we can meet customer expectations. Though most of my attributes in communication style indicates towards being an Assertive Communicator, I have identified that I need t o improve and develop my listening skills as well as I should also improve my skills to accept difference in point of view and perceptions. Although I am a good communicator with persuading skills, I need to improve my persuasive skills because it is one of the basic qualities that successful all leaders and business person have in common (Nahavandi, 2016). Literature Review: The word communication can be simply explained as the exchange of beliefs and ideas with the objective to convey information with one another. It is a two way process with the basic objective to exchange and convey an individuals ideas, beliefs, feelings, opinions and necessities with transparency to arrive at a harmony or a mutually acceptable result. In the present professional environment, effective communication skills are assets of an individual (Ting-Toomey, 2012). It is basically an ability which is mainly become skilled with experience, but when an individual learns to apply, an effective communication can build long term relationships in professional carrier regardless of defensive adversities. Being an effective communicator will support me to become resourceful while taking initiatives and making important decisions in professional career (Griffin, 2013). Also it will facilitate an individual to participate in team work and engage in effective workplace communication. There are various conceptual communication models which mainly explain the human communication process. One of the basic communication models is Continuous Loop Model, which was developed by assuming that communication is a system or machine (Neuliep, 2014). In this process or system, communication acts as the gear so that the system runs properly. Keeping in mind the Continuous loop model, it is necessary that the two ways process of communication has a swift flow of information so that the basic initiative of information sharing becomes fulfilled (Spitzberg, Cupach, 2012). This process is theoretically correct but in practical when the sender stops sending signals, the process ends. Taking reference from the Continuous model, increasing my listening skill will not only improve my communication skills but also will assists in continuous flow of information in the conve rsation. An active listener has the ability to understand situation and information better and thus capable of giving more accurate feedback or suggestions Booth, 2009). To explain the concept better we will take assistance of the situation- behaviour- impact feedback tool. For instance in my meeting with distributors, we had a discussion on customers demand, market trends and how we can improve the braking system in the two wheeler to meet the customer expectation. I had to give feedback about the meeting to my senior and co-workers. If I had said that customer has a liking for our new two wheeler models showing positive results in sales figure but the brake system needs to be improved. This will only convey the half information about the meeting and details about the improvement needed in the braking system does not convey in the conversation. This clearly creates confusion from the conversation. The conversation does not clearly states whats need to be improved and what needs sustenance. T he model was developed by The Centre of Creative Leadership which helped me to deliver more effective feedback. It focuses on the comments on detailed circumstances and behaviours, and then summarizes the impact that these behaviours have on others. The model details the feedback structure like situation, behaviour and impact. When I followed my feedback according to this pattern my senior and co-workers tend to understand what I was trying to convey them. Active listening also improves the ability to learn new things and accept different perspective for better decision making (Bodie, 2012). In the contemporary business organizations have diverse workforce and we will meet diverse co-workers with diverse perspectives. Becoming a good listener or active listening skills will facilitate in learning new things and also people will tend to trust and naturally drawn towards me (West Turner, 2010). Also, becoming active listener I will tend to become more sensitive towards complex layers of cultural differences in workplace. As a result, I will keep in touch with the progression of cultural change at global level. Although my communication diagnostic test results shows that I am a good persuader but I believe in contemporary professional world, every individual needs to improve their perusing skills as it is needed in every sphere of professional world. Persuasion is the skill that influences others to agree on a common idea or goal (Shockley-Zalabak, 2011). Without persuasion skill, I will not be able to get the resources I want or I will not be able to communicate my unique ideas and abilities with others. Persuasive skill is also an important ability in negotiations which is very important for job aspirants and also for professionals (Armstrong, 2011).On the other hand with the right approach and persuading skill an individual can achieve amazing results and climb corporate as well as social ladder. The contemporary organizations comprises of diverse workforce from diverse cultural and socio-economic background (Spencer-Oatey, Franklin, 2009). So, it is natural that they will come with div erse perspectives and viewpoints. Thus, managing those diverse workforces to bring expected outcome from them is one of the major challenges of resent business leaders. As a result, organizations look for potential candidates with effective communication skills, persuasive power and good negotiator (Hargie, 2010). The basic task is to persuade the diverse workforce to work towards a common goal or idea for organisational success. Conclusion: In the above essay we have discussed about my communication style and the basic skills that I need to develop to improve my communication skill with reference of the Action plan rubric for effective communication in the appendix. Effective communication skill is one of the basic sets of abilities which are required to succeed in personal as well as professional life. It is a well known fact that many jobs in cotemporary market needs candidates with strong communication skills and candidates with good communication skills are preferred. Effective communication skills can be achieved with experience and regular practicing to improve techniques. Choosing right approach, books, websites and training will facilitate in learning of complicated concepts of effective communication. That is why I have sketched a six month action plan that I that I have followed to improve my communication skills. According to five different communication diagnostic tools test result I possess a assertive comm unication style, the only skills I lack are active listening and maintaining patience in communication process. I have focused on parts like listening, eye contact, smile, humility, gestures, and voice modulation. I have taken part in various debates and public speaking programs in college and university level to improve my public speaking. For resources, I have used different online video sources from YouTube and read online articles on communication skills. I have also visited library to gather information about verbal communication skills from different scholarly articles. To become an active listener I have developed the strong signs of attentiveness and also learned the art of questing and remembering. I created a plan to improve my influencing skills by developing varies of skills like emotional intelligence and persuasion power. I also tracked my potential benefits by keeping notes on daily basis about occasions where different aspects of my development plan become successful or not. Keeping tack on the areas I needed improvement become very useful because it pin pointed the problem areas. I had also tried to persuade different co-workers at professional levels to work on a project. The basic intend was to increase understanding by taking into account how my messages might be received by my co-workers. Working in a multi cultural business organization, I have experienced how miscommunication can build organizational conflict. So, improving my communication skill will also facilitate in building conflict resolution skills. Active listening and good communicator are two important aspects that a manager should possess to have effective conflict resolution skill. Also, having empathy towards others and accepting different perspective will facilitate in my professional growth. At the end of this assignment I learned the importance of effective communication skills in becoming successful and maintain a positive attitude with a smile. Reference: Armstrong, M. (2011).How to be an Even Better Manager: a complete AZ of proven techniques and essential skills. Kogan Page Publishers. Bishop, S. (2013).Develop your assertiveness(Vol. 10). Kogan Page Publishers. Bodie, G. D. (2012). Listening as positive communication.The positive side of interpersonal communication, 109-125. Booth, W. C. (2009).The rhetoric of rhetoric: The quest for effective communication. John Wiley Sons. Boud, D. (2013).Enhancing learning through self-assessment. Routledge. Griffin, R. W. (2013).Fundamentals of management. Cengage Learning. Hargie, O. (2010).Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice. Routledge. Lowy, A., Hood, P. (2011).The power of the 2 x 2 matrix: Using 2 x 2 thinking to solve business problems and make better decisions. John Wiley Sons. Nahavandi, A. (2016).The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. Pearson. Neuliep, J. W. (2014).Intercultural communication: A contextual approach. Sage Publications. Saxena, P. (2015). JOHARI WINDOW: An Effective Model for Improving Interpersonal Communication and Managerial Effectiveness.SIT Journal of Management,5(2), 134-146. Shockley-Zalabak, P. (2011).Fundamentals of organizational communication. Allyn Bacon. Spencer-Oatey, H., Franklin, P. (2009).Intercultural interaction: A multidisciplinary approach to intercultural communication. Springer. Spitzberg, B., Cupach, W. (2012).Handbook of interpersonal competence research. Springer Science Business Media. Ting-Toomey, S. (2012).Communicating across cultures. Guilford Press. West, R., Turner, L. H. (2010).Understanding interpersonal communication: Making choices in changing times. Cengage Learning.

Antiheroism Has Always Been An Interesting Aspect Of A Character That

Antiheroism has always been an interesting aspect of a character that authors have chosen to illustrate. In literature, there has been countless antiheroic characters, from Randle McMurphy in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and Allie Fox in The Mosquito Coast, to others as famous as Robin Hood and ... By literary definition, an antihero is the "hero" of the play or novel, but has negative attributes which separate him or her from the classic hero such as Superman. Such negative aspects may include a violent nature, use of coarse language, or self serving interests which may inadvertently depict the protagonist as a hero since the result of serving those interests may be the betterment of society or an environment. In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, the protagonist, Hamlet, is depicted as an antihero. One main factor which gives Hamlet such a label is that he draws sympathy, as well as admiration, from the reader since Hamlet feels the pain of losing his father along with the burden and obstacles in avenging his murder. Act four places a special emphasis on Hamlet's intelligence. In scene two, Hamlet is very insolent and rude towards Rosencrantz and Guildenstern with such phrases as, That I can keep your counsel and not, mine own. Beside, to be demanded of a sponge, what replication should be made by the son of a king? (IV, ii, 12-14) The reference to the sponge reflects the fact that Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are easily ordered by the king and do not have minds of their own. Hamlet does not like Rosencrantz and Guildenstern since they are servants of the Claudius, Hamlet's mortal enemy. The reader does not like Rosencrantz and Guildenstern either which causes the reader to side with Hamlet. Another incident of Hamlet's high intelligence is shown when he Hamlet tells Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, I am glad of it: a knavish sleeps in a foolish ear. (IV, ii, 24-25) This statement leaves Rosencrantz and Guildenstern more or less confused. Hamlet is clearly more clever than the two of them combined and is able to toy with them.Hamlet has an excellent command of the language and because of it, can use words to the point that those around him will not understand and may label him as crazy. Hamlet shows another example of his cleverness, this time towards Claudius, when he says, I see a cherub that sees them. But, come; for England! Farewell, dear mother. (IV, iii, 49-50) The cherub, or the angel, gives Hamlet a sense of superiority over Claudius. Having an angel at one's side would be a definite sign of power, which is exactly what Hamlet tries to maintain over Claudius in their constant power struggle. Just when Claudius thinks he controls Hamlet, it is really Hamlet who has the upper hand over Claudius. There are very strong philosophical references made by Hamlet in this act regarding life and death. Hamlet tells Claudius, Your worm is your only emperor for diet: we fat all creatures else to fat us, and we fat ourselves for maggots: your fat king and your lean beggar is but variable service, two dishes, but to one table: that's the end. (IV, iii, 21-26) This statement id a reference to the food chain, and in turn, a reflection on the meaning of life. It illustrates the equality of men in that whether one is born to be a king or a beggar, when one dies, we are all equal. Worms and maggots do not treat anybody differently once one is dead and buried. The final scene draws the greatest sympathy towards Hamlet even though he is not even in the scene. The forces of Claudius and Laertes have combined against Hamlet. Claudius states, To an exploit now ripe in my device, Under the which he shall not choose but fall, And for his death no wind of blame shall breathe; But even his mother shall unchange the practice, And call it accident. (IV, vii, 65-69) Claudius is willing to undertake any measures necessary to eliminate Hamlet, to the point that it does not matter whether or not it hurts Gertrude in any way. This scene depicts Hamlet as the victim, much like two bullies picking on a

Banking Essays - Systemic Risk, Bank Regulation In The United States

Banking Essays - Systemic Risk, Bank Regulation In The United States Banking Banking So Much for That Plan More than 70% of commercial bank assets are held by organizations that are supervised by at least two federal agencies; almost half attract the attention of three or four. Banks devote on average about 14% of their non-interest expense to complying with rules (Anonymous 88). A fool can see that government waste has struck again. This tangled mess of regulation, among other things, increases costs and diffuses accountability for policy actions gone awry. The most effective remedy to correct this problem would be to consolidate most of the supervisory responsibilities of the regulatory agencies into one agency. This would reduce costs to both the government and the banks, and would allow the parts of the agencies not consolidated to concentrate on their primary tasks. One such plan was introduced by Treasury Secretary Lloyd Bentsen in March of 1994. The plan called for folding, into a new independent federal agency (called the Banking Commission), the regulatory portions of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), and the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS). This plan would save the government $150 to $200 million a year. This would also allow the FDIC to concentrate on deposit insurance and the Fed to concentrate on monetary policy (Anonymous 88). Of course this is Washington, not The Land of Oz, so everyone can't be satisfied with this plan. Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan and FDIC Chairman Ricki R. Tigert have been vocal opponents of the plan. Greenspan has four major complaints about the plan. First, divorced from the banks, the Fed would find it harder to forestall and deal with financial crises. Second, monetary policy would suffer because the Fed would have less access to review the banks. Thirdly, a supervisor with no macroeconomic concerns might be too inclined to discourage banks from taking risks, slowing the economy down. Lastly, creating a single regulator would do away with important checks and balances, in the process damaging state bank regulation (Anonymous 88). To answer these criticisms it is necessary to make clear what the Fed's job is. The Fed has three main responsibilities: to ensure financial stability, to implement monetary policy, and to oversee a smoothly functioning payments system (delivering checks and transferring funds) (Syron 3). The responsibilities of the Fed are linked to the banking system. For the Fed to carry out its job it must have detailed knowledge of the working of banks and financial markets. Central banks know from the experience of financial crises that regulatory and monetary policy directly influence each other. For example, a banking crises can disturb monetary policy, discouraging lending and destroying consumer confidence, they can also disrupt the ability to make or receive payments by check or to transfer funds. It is for these reasons that it is argued that the Fed must maintain a regulatory role with banks. The Treasury plan would leave the Fed some access to the review of banks. The Fed, which lends through its discount window and operates an interbank money transfer system, would have full access to bank examination data. Because regulatory policy affects monetary policy and systemic risk, it is necessary that the Fed have at least some jurisdiction. The Fed must be able to effectively deal with current policy concerns. The Banking Commission would be mainly concerned with the safety and stability of the banks. This would encourage conservative regulations, and could inhibit economic growth. The Fed clearly has a hands on knowledge of the banking system. The common indicators of monetary policy - the monetary aggregates, the federal funds rate, and the growth of loans - are all influenced by bank behavior and bank regulation. Understanding changes and taking action in a timely fashion can be achieved only by maintaining contact with examiners who are directly monitoring banks (Syron 7). The banking system is what ultimately determines monetary policy. It is only common sense to have personnel in the Fed that have a better understanding of the system other than just through financial statements and examination reports. The Fed also needs the authority to change bank behavior that is inconsistent with its established monetary policy and with financial stability. This requires both the responsibility for writing the regulations and the responsibility for enforcing those regulations through bank supervision. State banking charters have already started to be affected. Under the proposed plan, state chartered banks would be subject to two regulators. While the federal bank would have only one. Thus, making the state bank charter less attractive. However, an increasing